• Research Article

    Attenuation of Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis in Lewis Rats by Resveratrol

    길랑-바레 증후군 동물모델에서 Resveratrol의 효능에 대한 연구

    Seukchan Kim, Jeungho Moon, Meejung Ahn

    김석찬, 문정호, 안미정

    The study evaluated the therapeutic effects of resveratrol on experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), widely used in the experimental studies of human peripheral … + READ MORE
    The study evaluated the therapeutic effects of resveratrol on experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), widely used in the experimental studies of human peripheral demyelinating diseases, including Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). EAN was induced in Lewis rats by immunization with a neurogenic peptide homologous to amino acids 53–78 of bovine myelin P2 protein. The rats were monitored daily for clinical symptoms such as paralysis, and the levels of inflammatory mediators were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. The daily oral administration of resveratrol to the EAN-treated rats was observed to significantly reduce the severity of paralysis (p < 0.05). Histopathological examinations additionally confirmed that resveratrol mitigated the inflammation in the sciatic nerves after EAN induction suppressed the infiltration of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1 positive inflammatory cells, and reduced the number of iNOS-positive inflammatory cells compared to the vehicle-treated group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the resveratrol-treated group exhibited a decrease in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α(p < 0.05). When considered together, these results suggest that resveratrol alleviates neuroinflammation in the sciatic nerves of EAN-induced rats by systemically suppressing circulating pro-inflammatory factors. - COLLAPSE
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    31 March 2024

  • Research Article

    Development and Application of a QGIS-based Module to Build Inputs for SWMM using the Geographic Information System Data of a Submerged Paddy Field Area

    담수논 지역의 지리정보자료를 이용한 QGIS 기반의 SWMM 입력 자료 생성 모듈 개발 및 적용

    Hanyong Lee, Minhwan Shin, Kyoung Jae Lim, Yongchul Shin, Younghun Jung, Jaeheum Yeon, Jonggun Kim, Bongjun Ji, Youn Shik Park

    이한용, 신민환, 임경재, 신용철, 정영훈, 연재흠, 김종건, 지봉준, 박윤식

    The accurate simulation of the hydrological behavior in paddy fields is crucial considering the large percentage of area occupied by them and … + READ MORE
    The accurate simulation of the hydrological behavior in paddy fields is crucial considering the large percentage of area occupied by them and the amount of water resources used. Each paddy field may be considered similar to a detention pond since rice is grown under submerged conditions, where the water flows not because of the difference in elevation, but rather due to a complex waterway connecting the paddy fields. The Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), originally developed to simulate stormwater in urban areas, provides an opportunity to simulate paddy fields under these conditions. The preparation of model inputs for the simulations, however, requires considerable time and effort. A module was, therefore, developed to be operable in the QGIS software, making it convenient to prepare SWMM inputs for paddy fields. The module has two-tabbed interfaces that require vector data for paddy fields as polygons, conduits as polylines, and crossing points of conduits as points. A text file of the comma-separated value format is required for additional inputs. The other interface tab provides an opportunity to set up model options. The module was applied in a paddy field with a reservoir, which successfully generated SWMM model inputs for 723 junctions, 784 conduits, and 351 paddy fields. It was, therefore, concluded that the module can provide user convenience in the preparation of model inputs for paddy field simulations. - COLLAPSE
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    31 March 2024

  • Research Article

    Climate Variability and Agricultural Outputs in North Korea: An Econometric Analysis of Rice and Corn Yields
    Yongho Choi, Sung Ju Cho
    This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the factors influencing rice and corn yields in North Korea, focusing on weather variables, extreme … + READ MORE
    This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the factors influencing rice and corn yields in North Korea, focusing on weather variables, extreme weather events, and fertilizer inputs. Using fixed effects (FE) and fixed effects individual slope (FEIS) models with panel data, this study revealed a significant association between increased growing degree days (GDD) during the rice-growing season or increased precipitation during the corn-sowing season and increased yield for the respective crop. Conversely, increased precipitation during the rice harvesting season, as well as heatwave days and heavy rainfall during the growing season, negatively affected rice yield. The technology trend variable in the FEIS model suggests regional variations in technological growth. These findings underscore the potential for enhancing crop productivity in North Korea through targeted interventions, including seasonal planning, harvest timing strategies, climate resilience, fertilizer optimization, technology adoption, and regional planning. The results offer valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, practitioners, and other participants in North Korea, emphasizing the importance of understanding the complex relationships between climate, technology, inputs, and yields in the unique context of North Korea. - COLLAPSE
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    31 March 2024

  • Research Article

    Marinification of Lake Yeongrang as Confirmed through Fish Community Analysis

    어류군집 분석을 통해 확인한 영랑호의 해양화

    Doupyo Hong, Jaehoon Kim, Bumjun Kim, Kwangyall Lee, Hekap Kim, Yunhee Kim, Jaeseok Choi

    홍두표, 김재훈, 김범준, 이광열, 김희갑, 김윤희, 최재석

    In this study, we focused primarily on analyzing the fish community in Lake Yeongrang, a representative lagoon in Korea, aiming to investigate … + READ MORE
    In this study, we focused primarily on analyzing the fish community in Lake Yeongrang, a representative lagoon in Korea, aiming to investigate changes in the aquatic ecosystem of this lake by comparing the fish community surveyed before 2009 with the conditions observed after that year. For this purpose, four surveys were conducted from December 2022 to October 2023 at five different locations, collecting a total of 3,498 individuals from 26 families and 42 species. A comparison with past data revealed significant changes in the composition of primary freshwater fish, peripheral freshwater fish, and seawater fish. Regarding species, the research findings indicated notable differences compared with past data. The percentage of primary freshwater fish was 10% lower, that of peripheral freshwater fish was 20% lower, and that of seawater fish showed an increase of over 30% compared to past data. A similar pattern was observed when considering individual counts. Primary freshwater fish exhibited a decrease of 12%, peripheral freshwater fish decreased by over 5%, and seawater fish showed an increase of more than 16% compared to previous data. Therefore, the aquatic ecosystem of Lake Yeongrang appears to have undergone significant marinification, largely owing to human-induced interventions. The distinctive function of the lagoon, characterized by material cycling influenced by the breaking sandbar, has been substantially compromised. Additionally, the aquatic ecosystem of Lake Yeongrang was affected by the installation of a floating bridge. Therefore, continuous monitoring and research are required. - COLLAPSE
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    31 March 2024

  • Research Article

    Effect of Using Pig Manure Fermented Liquid Fertilizer in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Hydroponic Cultivation

    상추 수경재배에서 돈분발효액비의 시용 효과

    Wonkyoung Lee, Shinjae Jeon, Jaehee Won

    이원경, 전신재, 원재희

    The results of testing the applicability of pig manure-fermented liquid fertilizer (PMLF) for hydroponic lettuce cultivation showed that the growth and yield … + READ MORE
    The results of testing the applicability of pig manure-fermented liquid fertilizer (PMLF) for hydroponic lettuce cultivation showed that the growth and yield of lettuce were very low compared to those of normal nutrient solutions for hydroponics. Compared with the nutrient solution for the hydroponics of lettuce (NSHL), the ion content of PMLF was lower in nitrate nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur but ammonia nitrogen, potassium, sodium, and chlorine were higher. In particular, the sodium and chlorine contents of PMLF were 8.9 and 27.2 times higher than those of NSHL, respectively. After 14 days of treatment, the NO3-N, NH4+-N, PO42-P, and Ca2+ ion contents of the drained nutrient solution decreased rapidly, resulting in an insufficient supply of nutrients. The yield of PMLF is thought to be low because of lack of certain nutrients and nutrient imbalances. In this study, heavy metal contents within the plant, such as Cd, Ni, As, and Pb, were not detected in any of the treatments, and the detected amounts of Cu and Zn were lower than the acceptance criteria. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents in the PMLF group were higher than those in the NSHL group. In addition, the oxygen-scavenging ability of ABTS in the PMLF treatment was higher than that in NSHL. These results confirmed that it is possible to produce high-quality lettuce with excellent antioxidant ability when hydroponic lettuce is grown using organic NSHL. These results confirmed the possibility of producing lettuce with high antioxidant capacity when organic PMLF was used in hydroponic lettuce cultivation; however, there were also problems with lettuce growth inhibition and low yield due to nutrient imbalance. In addition to supplementing and supplying insufficient nutrients, complementary research, such as the effect of sodium and chlorine accumulation in the medium on lettuce growth, should be continuously pursued. - COLLAPSE
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    31 March 2024
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